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| José Gaspar Rodriguez de Francia |
At the beginning of Mexico’s independence, the country was very turbulent, with the government split between the two parties. Their original constitution was rewritten in 1836 by a group led by General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. He frequently switched parties. However, Santa Anna Seceded almost half om Mexico's territory to the United States, which composed the present day states of California, Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico. Years of fighting had taken a toll on the Treasury of Mexico, and with no money to pay his troops, Santa Anna retired. The wars and fighting in Latin America took a toll on many economies. In addition to the fact that they were building new economies, it was often practically impossible to transport goods to the capital city or to other countries because of the mountains and rainforests, both of which are ubiquitous in South America. Also, cheap European goods competed heavily with the work of local crafts people. However, many countries in South America got telegraph lines and railroads during the Industrial Revolution.
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| Flow Chart of economical development. |


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